BY CHILD SELLING CAN GIVE A GOOD LIFE TO CHILDREN ?
INTRODUCTION:
Child selling is a heinous act. It is one of crime. Most of the countries are involving in this act. India is one of among the country. Child selling is the practice of selling children, usually by parents, legal guardians, or subsequent masters or custodians because of situation and for money. After the sale, the whole life of the children are destroyed. It leads to unpredictable life to children.
SALE OF CHILDREN:
In child selling has legal and illegal process. Most of the time it happens illegally because of poor family situation, disaster, pandemic and natural calamities.
LEGALLY:
Most of the couples do not have children. So, they adopt the children to continue their generation. Here, the children grow up in good environment ,good person and make their life in good way. This is legal . It is accepted by law.
ILLEGALLY:
Most of the poor families have many children. They have no money ,basic facilities to live a life and to grow up the child life also. So, the children from that family grow up as a child labourer. Some parents give their children to another for money to lead a basic life. Some family children get married in small age. Here , it is illegal .It is also called child trafficking.
Child trafficking occur when children are taken away from safety and exploited children may be forced into many dangerous and /or illegal situation, including slavery, domestic labour, sexual exploitation or prostitution, drug couriering and /or being turned into child soldier.[1]
SITUATION OF CHILD LIFE BY ILLEGAL SELLING:
Child labourer
Child Beggary
Prostitution
Brothel
Handicap
Slaves
Domestic worker
Forced labourer
Drug courier
LOSES BY SELLING:
Education
Enjoyment
Family members
Dreams, goals
Wishes, happiness
Peaceful life
CHILD SELLING IN INDIA:
It has been happening in india so many years. Millions of children in india work as slaves in factories, brothels or in the homes of families. Out of poverty parents sell their children. It’s estimated that millions of children in India live as modern day slaves. They work in the fields, factories, brothels and private households often without pay and usually with no realistic chance of escaping. The majority of them are sold or hired out by their own families.[2]
Infants are being stolen for beggary and women enrolled in forced prostitution; about 70,000 children are working as bounded labourer in private mines while other are being used as domestic servants after inheriting their parent’s debt; some of them are even being sold to organ traffickers.[3]
CENSUS:
According to Indian government census from 2001, this country of over 1 billion people has 12.6 million minors between the ages of 5 and 14 who are working. The real number is undoubtedly significantly higher because many children are not officially registered at birth and the owners of course do their best to keep the existence of child slaves a secret.
Aid organizations estimate that three-quarter of all domestic servants in India are children, 90 percent of those girls.[4]
According to the ILO, there are around 12.9 million Indian children engaged in work between the ages of 7 to 17 years old.
According to ILO 17.2 million children are in paid or unpaid domestic work in the home of the third party or employer. In addition, undetermined numbers of children are in domestic work as result of forced labour and trafficking. In 2012 , the ILO produced global estimates on forced labour. Of the total number of 20.9 million forced labourers, children aged 17 years and below represent 26% of all forced labour victims ( or 5.5 million children). While the specific number of children in forced labour and trafficking for domestic work remain unknown.
67.1% of all child domestic workers are girls. 65.1% of all child domestic workers are below 14 years: 7.4 million aged 5 to 11 and 3.8 million aged 12 to 14; child domestic work touches all region of the world.[ 5]
According to data from census 2011, the number of child labourers in india is 10.1 million of which 5.6 million are boys and 4.5 millions are girls.[6]
According to a report by the national human rights commission of india, 40000 children are abducted each year, leaving 11000 untraced. NGO’s estimate that between 12,000 and 50,000 women and children trafficked into the country annually from neighbouring nations as a part of the sex trade.[7]
India has the highest number of slaves in the world, with estimates ranging from 14 million to 18 million people. In india, many people work as slaves labour in the brick kiln industry this include children[. In the 2018 global slavery index, we reported there were 8 million people in modern slavery in india.[8]
According to the annual national crime record bureau’s (NCRB) “CRIME IN INDIA” 2019 report, total of 73,138 children were reported missing last year.[9]
LAW PROHIBITED TO CHILD SELLING:
No matter how the condition of the child is, even if they are not protected by their own parents or they are denied with their rights by their own parents. The state has to take strict measures for well being of the child.
The centre has recently enacted the JUVENILE JUSTICE (care and protection of children ) act , 2015 that envisages a prison term of seven years for selling or buying children for any purpose. Even parents would not be spared from punishment for selling their children.
In juvenile justice act, 2015 chapter IX includes certain offences against children, including cruelty against a child, offering a narcotic substance to a child, and abducting or selling a child. The punishment for cruelty to a child is provided for by section 75 of juvenile justice act,2015 ( section 75: whoever employs or uses any child for the purpose of begging or cause any child to beg shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to five years and shall also be liable to fine of one lakh rupees.) and section 79 0f juvenile justice act, 2015 ( it says notwithstanding anything contained in any law for the time being in force, whoever ostensible engages a child and keeps him in bondage for the purpose of employment or withholds his earnings or uses such earing for his own purpose shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend).[10]
Section 372 and 373 :selling and buying minor for purpose of prostitution ,etc. It shall be punishable with imprisonment of description for a term which may extend to ten years and also be liable to fine.
Article 24: prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.
Under the child labour amendment (prohibition and regulation ) act, 2016 any person who employs a child in any illegal labour work will be punishment between six months and two years and also impose fine.[13]
CHILDREN’S RIGHT:
Children’s right are a subset of human rights with particular attention to the rights of special protection and care afforded to minors.[14]
The 1989 convention on the right of the child (CRC) defines any human beings below the age of 18 years have right to association with parents, basic needs for physical protection, health care, food, state-paid education, and freedom from discrimination on the basis of the child’s race, gender identity, religion, color, sexual orientation or other characteristics.[15]
OTHER COUNTRIES:
Statistics of Colombia, another conflict-hit country, showed that armed groups have already recruited as many children in the first six month of this 2019 year.
Some incidents were linked to children being put risk by spending more time online unsupervised , a significant minority of incidents involved the parents or care- givers who were offered money or other benefits to get their children to act in certain ways online, according to unicef’s team in the Philippines.[16]
INTERNATIONAL LAW:
Article 35 of the convention states that the government should make sure that no child in their territory is abducted, sold or trafficked.[17]
SUGGESTION/CONCLUSION:
Child selling is one of crime. Most of the poor family are doing this by poor situation. Children is not doll to sell it for money. They are sign of one’s family . . The government has been taking action against child selling and more article and section prohibited but still this is going on .
TO OVERCOME FROM ILLEGAL CHILD SELLING;
Most of the uneducated persons are engaging in this activity. so firstly, we should educate about children significance and right’s of children among parents. Also, what are the facilities that government provided to children( below 18 age )life
So, my suggestion is do family planning those who are in poor situation or who have not money to survive with children. Give birth when settled or adopt. It decrease the orphan children, child labour, child beggary etc.
REFRENCES:
Child trafficking occur ( may, 26, 2021 at 10 am ) https://theirworld.org
Millions of children in india (may ,26,2021 at 10.30 am) https://abcnews.go.com
Infants are being stolen for beggary ( may ,26,2021 at 1 pm ) https://wwwunicef.org
According to Indian government from census 2001 ( may ,26, 2021 at 1.50 pm) https://abcnews.go.com
According to ILO ( may,26,2021 at 3 pm) https://www.ilo.org
According to date from census 2011 child labour ( may, 26, 2021 at 5.10 pm ) https://www.unicef.org
According to a report by nation human rights commission of india ( may, 27, 2021 at 11.15 am ) https://en.m.wikipedia.org
India has the highest number of slaves in the world ( may, 27, 2021 at 11.45 am ) https://article
According to the annual NCRB ( may, 27, 2021 at 12.30 pm ) https://crime.in.india.2019
Centre has enacted the juvenile justice act 2015 ( may, 27, 2021 at 2 pm ) https://www.thehindu.com
Section 372 and 373
Article 24
Under the child labour amendment ( prohibition and regulation ) act 2016 ( may, 27, 2021 at 3.35 pm ) https://pencil.gov.in
Children’s right are a subset of human rights ( may, 27, 2021 at 4.30 pm ) https://en.m.wikipedia.org
1989 convention on the rights ( may, 28, 2021 at 10.15 am ) https://en.m.wikipedia.org
Other countries ( may, 28, 2021 at 12.20 pm ) https://www.telegraph.co.uk
International law ( may, 28, 2021 at 1 pm ) https://ec.europa.eu
-Maheshwari.K